平面梯形机构不能精确实现无侧滑转向的证明

基于“转向机构不可能精确实现无侧滑转向”的预先判断，多年来人们对轮式车辆各种转向机构做了大量优化设计工作。然而迄今为止没研究过该判断是否正确。转向机构中最具代表性的整体式等腰梯形机构常被简化为平面等腰梯形机构进行设计。在此情况下，本文通过将实际转向角方程和无侧滑方程对比，证明上述判断是正确的，即该种平面机构不能使车辆在任意转弯半径下都做精确的无侧滑转向。这一结论为平面等腰梯形转向机构的近似和优化设计提供了理论依据。     

秸秆粉碎掩埋复式作业机的试验研究

阐述了新型秸秆粉碎掩埋复式作业机的总体设计思路，在对粉碎刀辊工作部件、旋耕覆盖工作部件以及两个部件的耦合试验研究的基础上，提出了合理的工作参数，整机性能试验结果表明该机作业性能优越。本文的研究结果为秸秆粉碎掩埋复式作业机的设计提供了依据     

棉花冠层叶面积的动态模拟

根据试验资料,在系统分析棉花冠层叶面积时空分布规律的基础上,充分考虑叶面积空间垂直分布的异质性,以生育期内累积的每日相对热效应为预报因子,构建了棉花叶面积垂直分布和叶面积指数的动态模拟模型。利用不同年份不同播期的试验资料对模型进行了验证,累积叶面积指数L（z）的模拟结果与1∶1直线之间的R^2和均方根误差分别为0.969和0.257,叶面积指数LAI的模拟结果与1∶1直线之间的R^2和均方根误差分别为0.936和0.305。结果说明模型具有较好的预测性和实用性。模型的模拟结果可作为冠层结构参数,用于冠层辐射传输模型和光合作用模型。     

大型复杂机械节点导入建模及有限元分析

针对一般有限元软件在大型复杂机构建模和划分网格方面的局限性,提出了节点导入有限元建模法。采用三维建模软件建立节点布局图,并提取源坐标数据,结合有限元分析软件建立有限元模型,同时完成网格划分,并成功地将此建模方法应用于大型振动筛的建模与分析。结果表明,这种建模方法使计算和存储大为简便,可为设计人员提供设计参考。     

基于改进蚁群算法的3-PPR并联机构位置正解研究

针对3-PPR并联机构位置正解问题,运用螺旋理论计算其自由度,并分析其运动特性,同时通过解析法构建该并联机构的完整运动学逆解。将并联机构运动学正解问题的求解转化为对目标函数优化问题的求解,并基于此建立该并联机构正解的目标函数优化模型。通过对基本蚁群算法进行有效的改进,构建了可用于求解连续优化问题的改进蚁群算法。运用该算法求解3-PPR并联机构的运动学正解并进行Matlab仿真分析,对比传统数值方法和改进蚁群算法,证实该算法具有良好的全局寻优能力,并能避免初值和局部最优值对计算结果的影响,可有效应用于求解并联机构的位置正解问题。     

摆线转子泵转子结构参数的确定

介绍了在摆线转子泵的设计中。如何较准确地选择内、外转子的各种参数，以及选择这些参数的步骤和判定方法，并对外转子齿根圆和齿面的过渡圆弧与齿面相切之点所应处的正确位置进行了分析研究，为避免设计过程中因过渡圆弧半径r0选择的随意性而导致r0过大出现干涉，或r0过小而降低圆弧的过渡效果，给出了正确选择该参数值的求解公式。     

利用补气提高催化转化器效能的研究

进行了补气量对催化转化器降低二冲程小型汽油机排放影响的试验。对补气系统的结构参数如补气管及补气阀进气管尺寸，补气孔位置进行了试验与调整，以达到最佳降排放效果，试验结果表明，补气对于利用催化转化器降低二冲程小型汽油机排放非常重要，且补气量存在一最佳值，各结构因素都会对排放造成重要影响。应合理选取。     

海藻酸对萝卜生长及镉积累的影响

以"满身红"萝卜为试材,通过盆栽试验的方法,研究了叶面喷施不同倍数海藻酸对萝卜生长及镉积累的影响,以期为镉污染土壤生产安全蔬菜提供参考依据.结果表明:与对照相比,喷施不同倍数的海藻酸均不同程度地增加了萝卜根、块根与叶片的生物量,并且随着海藻酸浓度的增大,各器官生物量也随之增加,其中在600倍海藻酸处理中,萝卜根系、块根与叶片较对照分别显著增加98.59％、16.95％和39.13％.海藻酸处理还不同程度地提高萝卜光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量和类胡萝卜素)含量和抗氧化酶活性.在镉含量方面,与对照相比,600倍和900倍海藻酸处理显著促进了萝卜根系对镉的吸收,600倍海藻酸显著增加了块根的镉含量,600、900倍和1 200倍海藻酸处理均显著增加了萝卜叶片和可食用部分的镉含量.因此,海藻酸处理促进萝卜的生长,但也促进了萝卜对镉的吸收,不适合用于镉污染土壤的萝卜栽培.     

Effect of Hybrid Abalone,Haliotis discus hannai × Haliotis discus discus,Cultivation on the Carbon Cycle: Carbon Source/Sink

Respiration, calcification, and bio‐deposition of hybrid abalone, Haliotis discus hannai × Haliotis discus discus, fed on different foodstuffs have been measured to evaluate the effect of hybrid abalone culture on carbon source/sink in coastal areas. Fed with Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Gracilaria lemaneiformis, U. pinnatifida, and Ulva pertusa, alternated mutually, the carbon bio‐deposition rate of hybrid abalone was 24.29 ± 6.39, 65.40 ± 10.55, 21.48 ± 5.99, and 29.28 ± 6.47 µg/g/h, respectively. Hybrid abalone fed on U. pinnatifida had a higher carbon bio‐deposition rate compared to that fed on other foodstuff (P < 5%). Rate of CO₂ released by respiration of hybrid abalone fed on the experimental foodstuff was 24.53 ± 8.57, 32.73 ± 7.99, 29.31 ± 6.39, and 33.67 ± 12.37 µg/g/h, respectively. Results indicated that calcification presented less relationship with body weight type of the foodstuff. The rate of CO₂ released by calcification into seawater and atmosphere was 2.77 ± 1.89 and 6.53 ± 3.36 µg/g/h, respectively. The total rate of CO₂ released because of bio‐deposition, respiration, and calcification processes was 16.19 ± 4.67 µg/g/h, while the total rate of carbon sequestered in shells and tissues was 8.94 ± 2.07 µg/g/h. The study revealed that hybrid abalone culture is a source of CO₂.     

Import–export nexus and China's emerging trade in environmental goods

International trade in environmental goods (EG) provides a market-based solution to balance the development–environment relationship. How can developing economies gain new growth opportunities through trade liberalisation in the EGs? This study investigates the structural features of products and firms during the early development of China's EG trade. This study defines the import–export nexus as the product relatedness between imports and exports at the firm level, which may promote the technology spill overs and firm cooperation. This study combines two nationwide data sets and constructs a data panel covering 334 prefectures and 248 EGs during 2001–2012. The conditional logit model with fixed effects is used for coefficient estimation. Empirical results reveal that the import–export nexus promotes new EGs in domestic sectors and export baskets, primarily supported by domestic private firms. The import–export nexus allows state-owned firms, which only represent a small market share, to enrich export baskets. It also helps foreign firms to develop new EGs in domestic sectors. These findings suggest revisiting the role of state-owned firms in industrial policy and developing a broad list of EGs to make use of the product relatedness. These will make developing economies like China gain new growth opportunities from the EG trade.